Design Models

Bloom’s Taxonomy

Move from remembering to creating.

Definition
A framework for classifying cognitive skills into six levels, from basic recall to complex creation, helping educators design objectives, activities, and assessments with the right depth.

💡 Core Idea

Bloom’s Taxonomy organizes thinking skills from lower to higher order, guiding educators to scaffold learning and ensure assessments match intended outcomes.

🔍 How It Works

  • Remember – Recall facts and basic concepts.
  • Understand – Explain ideas or concepts.
  • Apply – Use information in new situations.
  • Analyze – Break down information into components and see relationships.
  • Evaluate – Make judgments based on criteria.
  • Create – Produce original work or ideas.

🎯 How to Apply

  • Use action verbs aligned with each cognitive level when writing objectives.
  • Match activities and assessments to the targeted level.
  • Scaffold lessons to move learners from lower to higher-order skills.
  • Mix levels to encourage deeper thinking and application.

📌 Quick Example

Instead of just “Understand Python loops,” a higher-order objective might be “Create a Python program that solves a real-world scheduling problem using loops.”

⚠️ Common Mistakes

  • Writing objectives that are too vague or not measurable.
  • Overemphasizing lower levels without progressing to higher-order thinking.
  • Misaligning assessments with the cognitive level intended.
Key Takeaway
Use Bloom’s levels to clarify the kind of thinking you expect—then design learning to match.

📚 Resources

  • Anderson, L. W., & Krathwohl, D. R. (2001). A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing. Pearson.
  • Bloom, B. S. (1956). Taxonomy of Educational Objectives. Longmans, Green.
  • Vanderbilt University – Bloom’s Taxonomy